The Royalty Token That Never Paid: Tokenized Pharma Cash Flows Against the Howey Wall, and the Value That Went to Equity Instead
A decade in, no token has paid a pharmaceutical royalty. When decentralized science finally produced a commercial deal, the money went to equity holders, which is exactly where securities law sends it. Every eighteen months someone announces that pharmaceutical royalties are about to go on-chain. The pitch is stable: